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Heat Stroke in Dogs and Cats

Your pet’s body temperature is normally maintained between roughly 37.8-39.2⁰C. During periods of increased heat and humidity they are unable to regulate this temperature. Pets have minimal capacity to sweat to increase heat loss. They therefore rely on other mechanisms of heat loss, for example, grooming, panting and depositing of saliva on their coats. If their temperature exceeds 39.8⁰C they will be at risk of heat stroke.

There are two classes of heat stroke: exertional (during exercise) and non-exertional. Non-exertional is most common and happens to pets locked in cars (cars in the sun can reach over 60⁰C) or left in enclosed areas with little water and shade.

Risks:

  • Brachycephalic breeds- Pugs, French Bulldogs 
  • Large breeds with heavy coats- Labradors, Newfoundlands
  • Obesity 
  • Lack of acclimatisation
  • Underlying conditions- dogs with heart disease, cats with kidney disease
  • Medications
  • Exercising your pet on hot ground 

 

Signs 

  • Initially rapid breathing and panting
  • Neurological disturbances (changes in behaviour and balance) 
  • Dry gums 
  • Fast heart rate
  • Vomiting and diarrhoea may occur
  • Prolonged heat stroke can lead to organ failure

 

If you are concerned about your pet, you should give them drinking water and spray them with water immediately and then seek veterinary treatment. We can give your pet IV fluids, supportive treatment and active cooling to rapidly treat them. 

 

- Dáire O'Driscoll, BSc MVB

Selwyn-Rakaia Vets Ltd

Selwyn Rakaia Vets Ltd is a locally owned veterinary business servicing predominantly dairy farms in Canterbury. Our team of staff include veterinarians, rural animal technicians, vet nurses and administration staff.